Elizabeth Ii of the United Kingdom and Queen Elizabeth free essay sample

How nature and support my influence the physical, scholarly, passionate and social improvement of two phases of the advancement of an individual Introduction In this area of my task I will assess how nature and sustain may influence the physical, scholarly, enthusiastic and social improvement of two phases of the advancement of an individual, this will be founded on my picked big name; Queen Elizabeth II. Nature and Nurture Childhood Physical Sovereign Elizabeth acquired great qualities from her mum, a she is a sound individual, for example she has acquired silver hair structure her mum so this demonstrates she acquired her mother’s qualities. Then again she has likewise acquired her mother’s skin shading composition; she acquired her mother’s facial highlights. Sovereign Elizabeth has great lodging so this implies they have great wellbeing, other than they additionally have great pay and use. Likewise she is additionally sheltered and secure, as she has protectors to ensure. Sovereign Elizabeth doesn’t have any clutters or handicaps so this demonstrates she is carrying on with a decent rich life. As a kid Queen Elizabeth was very much sustained, this permits her to be grown truly; she was raised in a decent domain. Also her folks buckled down for with her so she can achieve her objectives. Additionally when Queen Elizabeth was a kid she had warmth and a safe house. She additionally has a fair eating routine and furthermore has garments to keep warm. Scholarly Queen Elizabeth has great training as she was educated at home by guides, she learnt French, Mathematics, History and Geography, and she has decent instruction. Passionate Queen Elizabeth a decent cherishing and caring family as she is relied upon her family when she was a youngster as she needs her family to help her. Social Queen Elizabeth additionally had great positive companions that can empower them what's more Queen Elizabeth likewise approaches administrations, as she has clinical administrations, when she becomes ill and furthermore she goes to private medical clinic. The condition that Queen Elizabeth lived when she was a youngster impacted her life. Adulthood Physical Sovereign Elizabeth likewise has great lodging as a grown-up in light of the fact that she lives in a well off spot called The Buckingham Palace, this just shows she is a rich individual. Sovereign Elizabeth begins to create wrinkles as she is getting more seasoned Intellectual Queen Elizabeth has a decent vocation as she is a Queen of Britain so this implies she has decent training. Passionate Social all in all I have assessed the how nature and sustain may influence the physical, scholarly, enthusiastic and social advancement of two life phases of the improvement of Queen Elizabeth II.

Professional Communication Strategies and Technologies

Question: Examine about the Professional Communicationfor Strategies and Technologies. Answer: Presentation Proficient correspondence is characterized as the various types of talking, tuning, recorded as a hard copy and giving reactions which happen both in and past the work environment setting. It might be either face to face or electronically. Subsequently, the expert communicators are relied upon to utilize learning hypothesis, procedures, and advances to advance compelling correspondence in their separate work settings. Then again, tolerant wellbeing is the major standard of medicinal services that looks to forestall any type of mistakes and antagonistic impacts related with clinical practices which might be caused to patients. It includes activities people and associations to shield beneficiaries from being hurt (Levetti, 2013). Persistent wellbeing includes physical, mental, social and passionate security. This papers focus of intrigue is to exhaustively examine the importance of expert correspondence in guaranteeing quiet wellbeing. Significance of Professional Communication in Promoting Patient Safety Most of wellbeing experts assume that proficient correspondence just suggests giving patients unambiguous and clear data in a fitting way. Despite the fact that this idea is valid, comprehend that correspondence involves tuning in and talking. The human services professionals are less inclined to make wrong ends when they tune in to patients (Levett, 2013). A study that was directed on Australian patients and their families appeared in 2006 with respect to the advantages of successful correspondence uncovered a few results. They remember the decrease for pressure and nervousness levels, an apparent connection between proficient correspondence and consistence with prescription just as projects on unwavering quality, upgraded the executives of agony, improved state of mind and confidence the executives. Different advantages that were found are expanded useful and mental status, diminished length of emergency clinic confirmation, improved indication goals, better coordination of care, d ecreased careful passings and post-usable weaknesses, decrease in costs, upgraded prosperity and fulfillment of patients, blunder decrease and refined patient wellbeing. Understanding Safe Communication The medicinal services proficient are constantly urged to utilize the patient-safe correspondence model that is an objective situated practice planned for reducing undesired occasions and helping patients to get ideal final products. All viewpoints identifying with tolerant consideration are pre-dictated by how well the medicinal services experts convey among themselves just as the patient they give it a second thought (Levett, 2013). Subsequently, clinical choices grounded on misjudged or deficient data are bound to unseemly therefore making damage and pain patients. For example, it can prompt indignation, threatening vibe, and disarray, absence of trust, misconstruing, and expanded danger of mistake, poor consistence, and patient mischief. Perilous correspondence by wellbeing experts is viewed as a penetrate of expert measures and might be educated regarding inability to screen understanding classification and inability to react well to inquiries among others. It is imperative to u tilize a between proficient community oriented methodology (Levitt,2013). It encourages the organizing of care that is individual focused. It would help human services experts to fortify and award their administrations subsequently to stop from duplications and oversights in structuring and planning care. One of its significant viewpoints shows restraint focused consideration that depends on the understanding that patients bring their aptitudes, information, and encounters about their condition and ailment. It is vital for the wellbeing specialists to be receptive, moral, mindful and have the solid feeling of moral obligation regarding activity. Recording Care It is viewed as a methods for correspondence in the medicinal services setting. It includes setting up an electronically produced or put down lawful account of associations between wellbeing parental figures and patients at all degrees of care which incorporate distinguishing medical issues, surveying, defining, actualizing and assessing care (Hall, 2016). The executives Information Systems (MIS) ought to be utilized to fill in as legitimate records, encourage understanding consideration, aid clinical research and empower dynamic. It encourages the conveyance of the most productive, significant and practical quality consideration to patients. In this manner, legitimate usage of the most current structures, frameworks and reports are required to forestall any mistakes in care conveyance. Arrangement of electronic wellbeing record (EHR) helps with keeping tabs on patient's development and care subsequently taking into account access to progressively proficient consideration through the assortment of top notch information implied for approach advancement and portio n of assets. For example, electronic wellbeing records advance efficiencies in the social insurance framework (Hall, 2016). Between proficient instruction (IPF) is seen to be basic in social insurance as a methods for improving patient-focused quality administrations and wellbeing (Birk, 2017). There are a few standards which advance better medicinal services persistent situated practice. They incorporate responsibility, obligation, correspondence, coordination, shared trust, participation and regard and add to quiet security (Van, 2009). There is an abundance of research data that maintains the advantages related with effective correspondence and social insurance results for clinical groups and patients (Impact of revelation in medicinal services 2017). It is accepted that the connection a patient encounters with their clinician can fundamentally improve their wellbeing parleyed through support in their consideration, quiet self-administration and adherence to treatment. Legitimate correspondence empowers hospitalized patients to distinguish their conclusion or the prescription (s) names at release. Research directed has uncovered that inadequate group correspondence is the essential driver of clinical mistakes (Impact of divulgence in human services 2017). The defenselessness of clinical blunder rises when social insurance colleagues are in high-task circumstances, under pressure and when conveying vaguely. High positive relations between relational abilities of social insurance professionals and patients capacity to hold fast to clinical suggestions and embrace preventive wellbeing conduct is clear. Different examinations show that the clinician's capacity to portray, tune in and sympathize with can significantly affect practical and natural wellbeing results, the experience of care and patient fulfillment (Impact of correspondence in social insurance, 2017). Poor correspondence among clinical individuals is a typical reason for clinical blunders ( Patel et at, 2014). Divulgence through correspondence diminishes persistent disappointment and outrage particularly over apparent absence of compassion from parental figures and absence of data. Sharing critical information advances the security of patients and lessens the cost, recurrence and patient enduring identified with unfriendly occasions (Robert et at, 2010). Most of detailed negligence claims ascribe to a breakdown in correspondence between a medicinal services proficient and understanding. End Proficient correspondence with regards to social insurance has had a few difficulties. Be that as it may, its advantages about patient security can't be belittled. References Birk, T. (2017). Standards for Developing an Interprofessional Education Curriculum in a Healthcare Program. Diary of Healthcare Communications, 02(01). (2017). Recovered 7 April 2017, from https://healthcarecomm.org/about-us/sway of-correspondence in-human services Lobby, H. H. R. T. C. (2016). Basics of Nursing and Midwifery. : Wolters Kluwer Health. Recovered from: https://www.ebrary.com. In Patel, V. L., In Kaufman, D. R., In Cohen, T. (2014).Cognitive informatics in wellbeing and biomedicine: Case concentrates on basic consideration, unpredictability, and blunders. Levett-Jones, T. (2013). Basic Conversations for Patient Safety. : Pearson Australia. Recovered from: https://www.ebrary.com. Nemeth, C. P. (2008).Improving medicinal services group correspondence: Building on exercises from avionics and aviation. Aldershot, England: Ashgate. Robert, D. T, David, M. B, Judith, A.J, Thomas, H. G, Talking with Patients and Families about Medical Error:A Guide for Education and Practice Van, S. G. M. (2009).Communication aptitudes for the social insurance proficient: Concepts, practice, and proof. Sudbury, Mass: Jones and Bartlett Publishers.

A Post For Parents, Part 2

A Post For Parents, Part 2 DISCLAMER: Again I must inform students that this post is directed at the parents in the crowd. So if you are a student looking for info about MIT or the college process, you are in the wrong post. SCRAM! This is an adult swim. Parents, Welcome back to the Nance Effect! Hopefully you found a few nuggets of wisdom in my last post that will help you and your child survive the process of choosing the right college for him/her. As you may suspect, this blog is written from the point of view of a man of color to an audience of color. With that said, I believe that the vast majority of my writings are applicable to the masses. Everyone is welcome, come on in, the water is just fine. In my first piece I addressed philosophical issues and solutions for surviving the college decision process. In this piece I want to address specifics in particular, down and dirty pitfalls that make this process focus on the wrong factors and make it a living hell for all involved. As previously noted, Ive spent the last six months talking to your offspring about the college process. I must say that they have handed themselves with extraordinary grace, intelligence, maturity and savvy. Still this process is as counterintuitive as a good golf swing or skydiving or for those of us with young children, paying more for daycare than rent. (I know, I know, thats another conversation altogether). Despite all that your children are saying or in some cases not saying they need you to help get them through this process. Here is where it gets counterintuitive for you; to be effective you must say more by saying less. You must make your words count and you must help to keep your kids on the right decision making path. AND YOU MUST LET YOUR CHILD MAKE HIS OR HER OWN DECISION. Avoid the minefields or at least know where the problem areas dwell and your child will be the better for it. FINANCIAL AID Every year I scratch my head as many minority students fall into the trap of not attending a school such as MIT because they did not understand the Financial Aid process. Dont let your child fall into this trap. Here are a few myths/traps. How do you know that you cant afford MIT if you havent seen the financial aid package? Raise your hand if youve had a conversation with you child about just how much you can afford to spend on his/her education. Whats that, 4 or 5 hands? Just as I suspected. Look, I know how anxious this topic makes you. Guess what, so does your child! Whenever Im recruiting for MIT I start my presentation by stating the costs of MIT for 4 years. Without fail, the majority of students are quick to point out that I should move on because their parents cant afford MIT. So parents, I pose the same question to you that I ask your children: How do you know that you cant afford MIT if you havent seen the financial aid package? Its not the advertised sticker price of a school that you should worry about; its the final, parent contribution that should draw your attention. And you wont have that until your childs financial aid package is complete. Make sure that you complete all requested paperwork in a timely manner. Once your child is admitted, the decision-making clock begins. It is difficult to make a decision if you dont know the terms of the financial aid package from a given institution. Not knowing can be paralyzing. There is no doubt that this missing factor will add lots of stress to an already stressful process. Remember, many institutions have a finite amount of financial aid that they dole out on a first come, first serve basis. Know the ways that financial aid is packaged. At MIT a students financial aid package consists of a combination of grants, loans and jobs from private sources, MIT and the government. Grant aid is an award based on financial need that the student does not have to repay. Loans are a type of financial aid, which must be repaid, with interest. The federal student loan programs are a good method of financing the costs of your college education. These loans are better than most consumer loans because they have lower interest rates and do not require a credit check or collateral. Some even provide a variety of deferment options and extended repayment terms. Federal Work-Study (FWS) provides undergraduate students with part-time employment during the school year. The federal government pays a portion of the students salary, making it cheaper for departments and businesses to hire the student. For this reason, work-study students often find it easier to get a part-time job. Eligibility for F WS is based on need. Money earned from a FWS job is not counted as income for the subsequent years need-analysis process. (These definitions were taken from the FINAID website. Additional financial aid definitions can be found here: http://www.finaid.org/questions/glossary.phtml When in doubt, always go to the source! You should visit the web site of the school and also find out the email or phone number of the financial aid counselor who is handling your childs case. Call/email if you have questions. Although it may be tough to get through, persistence pays off. Not every scholarship is equal. Yes, there are many schools out there promising full-ride scholarships. There are also many car dealerships offering you a new car for $99.00 down and $99.00 per month. If you were buying a car and it sounded too good to be true, youd be suspicious. The same should be true of scholarships. Know what questions to ask about financial aid. What is the appeal process? How will the institution count outside scholarships? What is the policy for divorced parents? Is there a payment plan? What are the residency requirements (for state schools)? Is this award need-based or merit-based? Know the questions that you should ask about any fantastic scholarship offer: Is it guaranteed for 4 years? Many of the full-ride scholarships only cover year 1 or maybe year 2; then the grant aid (free money from the institution) is replaced with loans. Does it come with a minimum GPA requirement? Some scholarships require students to maintain a specific GPA. In some cases, the scholarship is terminated if a student drops below the minimum. Is it tied to a specific major or program? If the scholarship is tied to specific major or program, your child may lose funding by simply changing his/her major of focus of study. What out-of-the-classroom requirements are attached to the scholarship? This is important because it can really suck up your son/daughters free time. A scholarship that requires 75 hours of community service per semester can make for a rough transition to college. CAMPUS VISITS If at all possible, make sure that your children visit campus before making a decision. They should visit even if they visited before being admitted, because theyll be in a completely different space now. Your childs previous visit brought her to us as a candidate. Now she comes to interview us. We know that her savvy has grown exponentially and that she now comes seeking answers to very specific questions. Before she asked about majors and now shell ask about classes. Before she asked if there are sororities on campus and now shell ask about the pledging process. Your child is not just coming to go to school here, she is also coming to live here for the next 4 years. If there is a minority visit program, do it. Campus visits are particularly important for minority students because they need to get a feel for the campus climate. Additionally, they need to understand the community that they will be joining in visceral ways. This happens quickly when they are immersed in the campus climate via these types of programs. Should parents attend? Yes, with some rules. Of course you are welcome to attend campus open houses for admitted students. We call ours CPW (Campus Preview Weekend). You need to feel good about where your child will study and play. However, you must remember that this is his/her decision. I dont care how close you and your children are, they will act very differently in your presence. Remember the Eisenberg Uncertainty Principle. If you decide to attend, remember to observe the following rules: Part ways at the beginning of the program and dont reconvene until the program is over. (Except for those few joint activities.) Attend all of the parent receptions and seminars. We spend a lot of time putting these programs together to answer your many questions. Dont forget that many of us are parents too! Compare notes with other parents. If you have specific questions, ask if it is possible to speak to parents of students who have been through the process already. Some institutions even provide a list of parents to contact from your hometown. Visit Financial Aid First! BRING ALL PAPERWORK WITH YOU! In fact, try to get everything to the Financial Aid office before you arrive. Go to all the places that provide care for your child. Go to the medical center so youll know how the staff handles cases of illness, eat in the dining facility so that youll know what the chow is like, take the campus tour so youll know how far she has to walk in the cold, go to campus safety so that you can understand how safe your baby will be. Take plenty of notes. On your trip back your child will babble on and on about what he/she experienced. Notes help you to ask the kinds of questions that promote sound decision-making. Encourage your children to do the same. If the experience was good, theyll rattle on forever. If the experience was bad, theyll become very tight-lipped. Lists can help you to understand and interpret the visit. Ask a ton of questions! This is a very complicated process. If you dont ask, well assume that you understand everything. I could go on forever with tips for choosing the right college but Ill stop here. I cant say enough times that this process can be overwhelming if not managed properly. Also remember that this can also be a beautiful experience. If you avoid the common pitfalls and communicate with your child, you will bear witness to a defining moment in his or her transition into a young adult. After all, isnt this one of the moments that youve sacrificed and planned for all of his/her life? Enough from me, let me hear from you. Do you have any suggestions or pitfalls to avoid?

A Post For Parents, Part 2

A Post For Parents, Part 2 DISCLAMER: Again I must inform students that this post is directed at the parents in the crowd. So if you are a student looking for info about MIT or the college process, you are in the wrong post. SCRAM! This is an adult swim. Parents, Welcome back to the Nance Effect! Hopefully you found a few nuggets of wisdom in my last post that will help you and your child survive the process of choosing the right college for him/her. As you may suspect, this blog is written from the point of view of a man of color to an audience of color. With that said, I believe that the vast majority of my writings are applicable to the masses. Everyone is welcome, come on in, the water is just fine. In my first piece I addressed philosophical issues and solutions for surviving the college decision process. In this piece I want to address specifics in particular, down and dirty pitfalls that make this process focus on the wrong factors and make it a living hell for all involved. As previously noted, Ive spent the last six months talking to your offspring about the college process. I must say that they have handed themselves with extraordinary grace, intelligence, maturity and savvy. Still this process is as counterintuitive as a good golf swing or skydiving or for those of us with young children, paying more for daycare than rent. (I know, I know, thats another conversation altogether). Despite all that your children are saying or in some cases not saying they need you to help get them through this process. Here is where it gets counterintuitive for you; to be effective you must say more by saying less. You must make your words count and you must help to keep your kids on the right decision making path. AND YOU MUST LET YOUR CHILD MAKE HIS OR HER OWN DECISION. Avoid the minefields or at least know where the problem areas dwell and your child will be the better for it. FINANCIAL AID Every year I scratch my head as many minority students fall into the trap of not attending a school such as MIT because they did not understand the Financial Aid process. Dont let your child fall into this trap. Here are a few myths/traps. How do you know that you cant afford MIT if you havent seen the financial aid package? Raise your hand if youve had a conversation with you child about just how much you can afford to spend on his/her education. Whats that, 4 or 5 hands? Just as I suspected. Look, I know how anxious this topic makes you. Guess what, so does your child! Whenever Im recruiting for MIT I start my presentation by stating the costs of MIT for 4 years. Without fail, the majority of students are quick to point out that I should move on because their parents cant afford MIT. So parents, I pose the same question to you that I ask your children: How do you know that you cant afford MIT if you havent seen the financial aid package? Its not the advertised sticker price of a school that you should worry about; its the final, parent contribution that should draw your attention. And you wont have that until your childs financial aid package is complete. Make sure that you complete all requested paperwork in a timely manner. Once your child is admitted, the decision-making clock begins. It is difficult to make a decision if you dont know the terms of the financial aid package from a given institution. Not knowing can be paralyzing. There is no doubt that this missing factor will add lots of stress to an already stressful process. Remember, many institutions have a finite amount of financial aid that they dole out on a first come, first serve basis. Know the ways that financial aid is packaged. At MIT a students financial aid package consists of a combination of grants, loans and jobs from private sources, MIT and the government. Grant aid is an award based on financial need that the student does not have to repay. Loans are a type of financial aid, which must be repaid, with interest. The federal student loan programs are a good method of financing the costs of your college education. These loans are better than most consumer loans because they have lower interest rates and do not require a credit check or collateral. Some even provide a variety of deferment options and extended repayment terms. Federal Work-Study (FWS) provides undergraduate students with part-time employment during the school year. The federal government pays a portion of the students salary, making it cheaper for departments and businesses to hire the student. For this reason, work-study students often find it easier to get a part-time job. Eligibility for F WS is based on need. Money earned from a FWS job is not counted as income for the subsequent years need-analysis process. (These definitions were taken from the FINAID website. Additional financial aid definitions can be found here: http://www.finaid.org/questions/glossary.phtml When in doubt, always go to the source! You should visit the web site of the school and also find out the email or phone number of the financial aid counselor who is handling your childs case. Call/email if you have questions. Although it may be tough to get through, persistence pays off. Not every scholarship is equal. Yes, there are many schools out there promising full-ride scholarships. There are also many car dealerships offering you a new car for $99.00 down and $99.00 per month. If you were buying a car and it sounded too good to be true, youd be suspicious. The same should be true of scholarships. Know what questions to ask about financial aid. What is the appeal process? How will the institution count outside scholarships? What is the policy for divorced parents? Is there a payment plan? What are the residency requirements (for state schools)? Is this award need-based or merit-based? Know the questions that you should ask about any fantastic scholarship offer: Is it guaranteed for 4 years? Many of the full-ride scholarships only cover year 1 or maybe year 2; then the grant aid (free money from the institution) is replaced with loans. Does it come with a minimum GPA requirement? Some scholarships require students to maintain a specific GPA. In some cases, the scholarship is terminated if a student drops below the minimum. Is it tied to a specific major or program? If the scholarship is tied to specific major or program, your child may lose funding by simply changing his/her major of focus of study. What out-of-the-classroom requirements are attached to the scholarship? This is important because it can really suck up your son/daughters free time. A scholarship that requires 75 hours of community service per semester can make for a rough transition to college. CAMPUS VISITS If at all possible, make sure that your children visit campus before making a decision. They should visit even if they visited before being admitted, because theyll be in a completely different space now. Your childs previous visit brought her to us as a candidate. Now she comes to interview us. We know that her savvy has grown exponentially and that she now comes seeking answers to very specific questions. Before she asked about majors and now shell ask about classes. Before she asked if there are sororities on campus and now shell ask about the pledging process. Your child is not just coming to go to school here, she is also coming to live here for the next 4 years. If there is a minority visit program, do it. Campus visits are particularly important for minority students because they need to get a feel for the campus climate. Additionally, they need to understand the community that they will be joining in visceral ways. This happens quickly when they are immersed in the campus climate via these types of programs. Should parents attend? Yes, with some rules. Of course you are welcome to attend campus open houses for admitted students. We call ours CPW (Campus Preview Weekend). You need to feel good about where your child will study and play. However, you must remember that this is his/her decision. I dont care how close you and your children are, they will act very differently in your presence. Remember the Eisenberg Uncertainty Principle. If you decide to attend, remember to observe the following rules: Part ways at the beginning of the program and dont reconvene until the program is over. (Except for those few joint activities.) Attend all of the parent receptions and seminars. We spend a lot of time putting these programs together to answer your many questions. Dont forget that many of us are parents too! Compare notes with other parents. If you have specific questions, ask if it is possible to speak to parents of students who have been through the process already. Some institutions even provide a list of parents to contact from your hometown. Visit Financial Aid First! BRING ALL PAPERWORK WITH YOU! In fact, try to get everything to the Financial Aid office before you arrive. Go to all the places that provide care for your child. Go to the medical center so youll know how the staff handles cases of illness, eat in the dining facility so that youll know what the chow is like, take the campus tour so youll know how far she has to walk in the cold, go to campus safety so that you can understand how safe your baby will be. Take plenty of notes. On your trip back your child will babble on and on about what he/she experienced. Notes help you to ask the kinds of questions that promote sound decision-making. Encourage your children to do the same. If the experience was good, theyll rattle on forever. If the experience was bad, theyll become very tight-lipped. Lists can help you to understand and interpret the visit. Ask a ton of questions! This is a very complicated process. If you dont ask, well assume that you understand everything. I could go on forever with tips for choosing the right college but Ill stop here. I cant say enough times that this process can be overwhelming if not managed properly. Also remember that this can also be a beautiful experience. If you avoid the common pitfalls and communicate with your child, you will bear witness to a defining moment in his or her transition into a young adult. After all, isnt this one of the moments that youve sacrificed and planned for all of his/her life? Enough from me, let me hear from you. Do you have any suggestions or pitfalls to avoid?

What´s a Bipolar Disorder - 1800 Words

Bipolar disorder is generally a term that society and the media have stigmatized as something horrid. A mental illness that has labeled the individual as crazy due to the extreme pendulum of mood swings. Where we know the individual diagnosed with the disorder is usually happy, sad, irritated, and depressed all in a short period of time. Often times when typically functioning people cringe at the idea of having the mental illness. For myself, I would have to honestly state that I was once one of those individuals. Most in part due to my lack of education on the matter, using the term to describe any and everything that had an extreme shift in mood, action, feeling, or thought. Until I finally reached a breaking point in my life where I†¦show more content†¦Thankfully, in my situation everything was due to the amount of stress I was under and the lack of sleep I was getting but it has always made me concerned about my mother. The fact that I often times see her silently suffering. In this paper I would like to define and explore the mental illness of bipolar disorder. What is it? How does it affect individuals diagnosed and what is know in the research about the disorder? What is bipolar disorder? The starting point, as stated by Chaemi (2013) to understanding the self in bipolar disorder is to accept, first of all that bipolar disorder is a disease, a pathology of the body producing psychological symptoms. Bipolar disorder is not the disease of having mania or depression. And those states are, by definition episodes that come and go; they do not stay. They are not constant. It is the disease of being susceptible to having mania or depression. Bipolar disorder is usually categorized with extreme moods swings and changes in activity and energy levels. The onset of the first episode may be either mania or depression. For individuals diagnosed with bipolar disorder it is often said that they are on a rollercoaster ride of emotions with mood swings ranging from the highest mountains of elation to the lowest valleys of depression. Some people also experience mixed state of both extremes, with periods of both mania and depression.Show MoreRelatedBipolar Disorder : Symptoms And Symptoms1493 Words   |  6 PagesRorman Ms. Chrisman English 10 30 November 2016 Bipolar Disorder If people don’t get enough sleep and miss a meeting, they are just upset, but for people with bipolar disorder, it can trigger another episode to their week. Bipolar Disorder is a brain disorder that can cause shifts in people s mood that are more unusual. Signs and symptoms can be different depending on if the person has manic or depressive episodes. 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Bipolar Disorder is a seriousRead MoreKurt Cobain1130 Words   |  5 PagesWas Kurt Cobain bipolar? Thousands of people still research information about his death and what could have caused it. Kurt Cobain became a rock legend when his band Nirvana formed in 1990s. He grew up in a small town, Cobain showed a big interest in art and music as well as drawing. After his song Lithium was a big hit, â€Å"Many people believe he was manic depressive was over the song Lithium†(Bipolar Disorder, 2012, p. 1). However, Cobain wrote that song years before his band Nirvana became huge rock

Exercise Essay - 844 Words

Exercises 1. Synergy Valuation a. Cost and revenue synergies Managers of an acquiring company anticipate cost savings pretax of $50 million in the first year of the deal and $100 million the next and that thereafter the savings would grow @ inflation, 2%. Marginal tax rate is 30%. The firm must invest $1 billion to achieve these savings and starting in the third year must spend 5% of the pre-tax savings to sustain the rate of savings. As part of rationalization of operations, some assets will be sold generating a positive cash flow of $20 million net of tax in years 1 and 2 and $10 million in year 3. The analyst judges that these costs savings are rather certain, reflecting a degree of risk consistent with the variability in the firm’s†¦show more content†¦The key assumption here is that the equity market does not anticipate this reduction. 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Sports Journalism Sports And Physical Education - 956 Words

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Terrorism Counter Strategy In India

Question : Can use the Mumbai terrorist attack as an example here but make sure you look at Indias counter-terrorism strategy rather than ways to improve how they handled specific attacks. focus on the broad national counter-terrorism policy rather than the security forces counter-terrorism practices. Answer : Introduction This paper described the several aspect of counter terrorism strategy in India. The main aim of this paper is to evolution and strategies of counterterrorism strategies in India. Indeed, counterterrorism is the technique, tactic and strategy which prevent from terrorism. In the other words, the terrorism is called a war or revolution, then counterterrorism trends to be described in the term of military responses. On the other hand, terrorism means crime. Then, counterterrorism defined in the term of police and law enforcement work. Counter terrorism is called as against the terrorism activity which contains acquire, prevent and react to the unlawful terrorism exercise. (Sheehan 2007) Further, the first counterterrorism campaign was created by William Harcourt in 1880 for helps of Irish fenians. Irish branch was established as field of criminal investigation department of the London Metropolitan Police in the year of 1883 to conflict Irish republican terrorism by penetration and subve rsion, but in the India counterterrorism strategy emerged after the 2008 Mumbai attack and attack on the Indian Parliament in 2001 when several intelligence and operational failures revealed against the terrorism. Mohammad Ajmal Kasab was main accused of Mumbai attack. (Borgeson Valeri 2009) The National Counter Terrorism Center (NCTC) was created as anti-terror agency in the India on the basis of National Counterterrorism Center model of the USA. (Kraft Marks 2013) Existing terrorism groups in India There are several kinds of terrorism and insurgent group operating in India which is recognized by Foreign Terrorist Organization (FTO) of the US state that are following below: Lashkar-e-Taiba (LeT): Lashkar-e-Taiba names mean Army of the Pure. This Islamist groups are operating in Pakistan and also from Jammu and Kashmir. This group is accused for many high terrorist attacks in India, including Mumbai commuter rail in the year of 2006. It is getting funds from Pakistan for run their terrorist and criminal activities. (Tankel 2009) Nowadays, it is expanding in the worldwide. Jaish-e-Muhammad: Jaish-e-Muhammad group name means Army of Mohammad. This is another terrorist groups which operating in Jammu and Kashmir. This was founded by Harkat-ul-Ansar in 2000. The main aim of this group is to transfer Jammu and Kashmir area control to Pakistan. (Rana 2009) Harakat-ul-Mujahadeen (HuM): This terrorism group was established in the 1985 as anti-Soviet team conflicting in the Afghanistan. Pakistan based HuM concentration transfer to Jammu and Kashmir when they withdrew from Soviet in the 1989. The Communist Party of India (Maoist): This group is looking to build a revolutionary zone of control expanding from the Nepalese boundary down to Andhra Pradesh state. (Hutt 2004) This group was emerged by the merger of Nexalite groups in 2004. Harakat-ul-Jihad-I-Islami (HUJI): This terrorist group was established in 1980 to fight against Soviet, but currently it has focused on Jammu and Kashmir. Initial stage they are targeted Indian military, but they killed five foreign tourists in Jammu and Kashmir in 1995 which belongs to western country. (Khurshchev 2009) Jamiat ul-Mujahadeen: This is small terrorist group of pro-Pakistan Kashmiri which is blamed for a grenade attacks against India political targets in 2004. The United Liberation Front of Assam (ULFA): It was founded in 1979 as socialist state in Assam. In the 1990s, they started to target the political leader and security forces in the Assam state. Through the above terrorist and insurgent groups, the major territory was affected by terrorist activities in the India that are following below: Jammu and Kashmir: This state was central point of terrorist activities when British colonial rule ended from this states. India claims that Pakistan is using this territory for expanding their insurgent through several groups of insurgent and terrorist. One third of the total terrorist attack occurred in this territory. (Kalpan Bajoria 2008) Andhra Pradesh: Many terrorist attacks occurred in this area through Naxalites. Naxalites are revolutionary groups which are affecting around 10000 member lives every year. Naxalites are expanded their area from thirteen states to twenty eight states of the India. (Tickell 2013) The state of Andhra Pradesh, Jharkhand, Bihar, Orrisa and West Bengal are highly affected from Naxalites activities, but Chhattisgarh is mostly affected by the Maoist violence in 2006. Northeastern states: Most of northeastern states are affected by the violence activities after the Bangladesh was separated off in 1947. Conflicts are expanding most of the Assam and Nagaland states in India. Poverty is major problem in this area and many groups are demanding independent so many terrorist and insurgent activities are occurred in these areas. (Kalpan Bajoria 2008) Counterterrorism strategy in India Due to a lot of terrorist and insurgent groups activates in the India such as Jammu and Kashmir, Northeastern state and Andhra Pradesh. India will have to take special decision against terrorist so they are created counterterrorist strategies. Indeed, India population has cross 1 billion in the current years. India has many ethnic groups, seven major religious with many kinds of organized religious and sub organized religious and around 68 socio-culture sub regions. There are constantly increasing social, economic and political desires of groups in its cultural, lingual, social and communal social system. (Marwah 2012) Further, India has become largest victims of terrorism, but nowadays it has handled terrorism smartly in Mizoram, Punjab and other kinds of nation. India adopted comprehensive strategy to counterterrorism. Counterterrorism will be affective when they adopted national consensus strategy to prevent the terrorism. Indias counterterrorism strategy addresses terrorism as a process with economic, operational, political, psychological, perceptual and diplomatic aspect. India believes to encourage a good governance, healthy, well-functioning democracy, secular and liberal mind set which no difference between majority and minority. They treat everyone equal level on the basis of law concern. We need a local level counterterrorism strategy to prevent terrorism in India. (Curtis 2008) The few significant points need to be highlighted that are following below: First, in the regard of ideological level, this conflict is between terrorist groups which dont trust in value of religious tolerance, multi-cultural and democracy. The counterterrorism strategy is followed by several nations with large defeat and denies factors. An ideological and political counterterrorism factor plays an important dominant role which believes that ideologues should be considered in the plan and operational conflict against terrorism. (Singh 2008) Second, we need to adopt the collaborative plans at the highest level. Although, top-down strategy cannot be apply everywhere. (Mitchell 2008) Counterterrorism operational plan must be worked out for specific area. Third, counterterrorism strategy must deal with all aspect of worldwide terrorism. It connects with transnational organized crime, drug, illegal arms trafficking, money laundering, illicit and nuclear, biological, chemical and other deadly materials and their delivery. It should look the organization action and dedication to meet cross-border threats arranged by the terrorist. Forth, terrorism is not an armed forces problem because it is socio-cultural and socio-economic problem. In the regard of counterterrorism strategy, we should combat and isolate the ideology that is not acceptable to present culture or society. We must use all factors of national power, not only armed forces but also economical, political and other types of opinion and pressures. In the concern, we should use hard power as well as soft power because hard power deals with violent armed terrorist and soft power deals with humanely with cultures, traditions and society. Further, the psychological and intellectual aspects of the terrorist and counterterrorism are significant as its physical attribute. Womens empowerment, youth firms, local development initiative and education network must play a significant role with government as a helpful partner. (Singh 2008) These are some more counterterrorist strategies which adopted by India government through several government bodies and agencie s that are following below: State strategies and its intelligence set-up: In the regard of counterterrorist strategies, Indias federal laws have responsibilities to create policing and maintenance of law for individual states. The Indias central government has rights to give advice them about the financial help, training program and develop their professional caliber and share with the intelligence agencies. (Menezes 2003) The national intelligence community: The national intelligence agencies divided into two parts such internal and external agencies. So, ministry of home affairs and intelligence bureau presented the internal agency. And Cabinet secretariats research and analysis wing to protect from terrorist activities of countries people presented the external intelligence agencies. The IB and RAW: The IB consist internal terrorist intelligence and RAW consists the external related intelligence. The DIA collects tactical intelligence in the regard of counterterrorist operation in the specific areas such as Nagaland and Jammu and Kashmir. (Burch 2007) Physical security agencies: The Central Industrial Security Force provides physical security at Indian airport and sensitive areas. The National Security Guards forces provides safety from hijacking the plane activities. Further, Special Protection Group handled prime minister and former prime minister Security which is very necessary in the globalization world. Paramilitary forces: Its play an important role in the counterterrorism strategy. The Border Security Force and Central Reserve Police Force are known as paramilitary forces which help the police in counter-terrorism operation when they called for this specific work. (Amritsar 2010) The Army: Indian government takes army assistance when the paramilitary and the police are not able to protect with a terrorist attacks. Due to large scale of Pakistan infiltration in Jammu and Kashmir, the army plays an important role in this area for counterterrorism operations. India is not only facing terrorism in Jammu and Kashmir, but also a proxy war by the Jihadi representative. (Menezes 2003) In the recent years, there have been two extra counterterrorism strategies following by the Indian governments that are discuss below: 1. Multi-disciplinary centre: It is headed by the experienced IB officer. These kinds of agencies handled intelligence collection work and counterterrorist strategy will work under general umbrella. 2. Ministry of external affairs: This ministry will be responsible for diplomatic aspect of counterterrorism such as other nations on mutual legal help, Pakistans patronization of terrorism, servicing the work of several mixes working groups and processing requests for extradition. (Prakash 2008) Prevention of Terrorism Act (POTA): In 2002, government approved the Prevention of Terrorism Act (POTA) to increasing the government power against terrorism. Through this act, India governments have rights to keep suspected people in custody without any trial. This law was looked as death certificate of crime and terrorism activities, but the law was canceled in 2004 due to allegations that some people are mis-using their power. 3. Although, politicians are wanted to repair the law because of this kinds of activities are raised. Due to POTA act, we are able to take more strict decision against the terrorist such as Kasab. It was the main blamed of Mumbai attack. (Lokaneeta 2011) Further, some states of India such as Karnataka and Maharashtra have some different law. The name of the law was Maharashtra Control of Organized Crime Act (MCOCA) and the Karnataka Control of Organized Crime Act which used to track suspected terrorists. MCOCA is tougher than POTA and it is generally abused by the scrutiny agencies. Other states such as Rajasthan, Andhra Pradesh, Gujrat and Uttar Pradesh are looking same counterterrorism law. Conclusion From the above discussion, it can be concluded that there are no fast solution for counterterrorism because it is a long term process. There are not single military solutions available for terrorist, secessionist and insurgency problem. Counterterrorism in India needs a comprehensive strategy that covers social, psychological, operational, economical, political and diplomatic issues. Because most of terrorist groups such as Lashkar-e-Taiba, The Communist Party of India, The United Liberation Front of Assam and Jaish-e-Muhammad members are direct or indirect related to society, culture and political. For example kasab was the main accused of Mumbai attacks which belongs to human society and culture, but due to bad guidance they killed many innocent people. So, terrorist is not exactly our problem rather than reason of terrorism is main problem with us. Therefore, when we got the reason behind the terrorism then we would able to make proper counterterrorism strategies for all aspect o f terrorism. It is necessary for the government of the specific region to cooperate, look informed helps from their people, legitimate, provide responsive, build trusted networks and engage closely with international community. References Amritsar, S, 2010, Effect of physical training on pulmonary function tests in border security force trainees of India, J Life Sci, 2(1), 11-15. Borgeson, K, Valeri, R, 2009, Terrorism in America, Jones Bartlett Publisher, Canada. Burch, J, 2007, A domestic intelligence agency for the United States? A comparative analysis of domestic intelligence agencies and their implications for homeland security, DTIC. Curtis, L, 2008, After Mumbai: Time to strengthen USIndia counterterrorism cooperation, Heritage Foundation Backgrounder, 2217. Hutt, M, 2004, Himalayan People's War: Nepal's Maoist Rebellion, Indiana University Press, Bloomington. Kalpan, E, Bajoria, J, 2008, Counterterrorism In India, view 12 January, 2015 from: https://www.cfr.org/india/counterterrorism-india/p11170 Khurshchev, ST, 2009, "HuJI in India: An Assessment," p 182-190. Kraft, K Marks, E, 2013, U.S. Government Counterterrorism: A Guide to Who Does What, CRC Press, Florida. Lokaneeta, J, 2011, Transnational Torture: Law, Violence, and State Power in the United States and India, NYU Press, New York. Marwah, V,2012, India in Turmoil, Rupa Publications, New Delhi. Menezes, L, 2003, Indias Counter-Terrorism Strategy, view 12 January, 2015 from: https://www.rediff.com/news/2003/apr/05spec.htm Mitchell, D, 2008, Bridging Strategic Asia: The United States, Japan, and India, Central for Strategy and International Strategy, Washington. Prakash, V, 2008, Terrorism in India's North-east: A Gathering Storm, Gyan Publishing House, New Delhi. Rana, MA, 2009, Taliban insurgency in Pakistan: A counterinsurgency perspective, Pakistan Institute for Peace Studies, 9-31. Sheehan, IS, 2007, When Terrorism and Counterterrorism Clash: The War on Terror and the Transformation of Terrorist Activity, Cambria Press, New York. Singh, CH, 2008, South Asia Defence And Strategic Year Book, Pentagon Press, New Delhi. Tankel, S, 2009, Lashkar-e-taiba: From 9/11 to Mumbai, Developments in Radicalisation and Political Violence, 6. Tickell, A, 2013, Terrorism, Insurgency and Indian-English Literature, 1830-1947, Routledge, New York.

Corporate Responsibility McDonalds and the US Society

Friends With Benefits Survey Report Example

Friends With Benefits Survey Report Example Friends With Benefits Survey Report – Book Report/Review Example Friends with Benefits Survey Report Background Many people believe that sexual promiscuity is increasing among the younger generations. It cannot be denied that younger people are exposed to more sexual content now than their parents were, but the real question is what effect this change has had on the average youngster’s lifestyle. However, the question of young people’s sexual habits is too vague for this particular study, so this area needs to be narrowed down. The study will focus on sexual habits in terms of friends with benefits. To put it more simply, the emphasis will be on young people’s sexual exploits with people who they consider to be friends and nothing more. The research question for this study will be as follows: How prevalent is the concept of friends with benefits among young people aged between 16 and 21? The hypothesis for this survey is that the practice is common among more than half of young people and males have more experience with it tha n females do. The survey will consist of 24 people, made up of 11 females and 13 males. The following questions will be asked as part of the survey:Survey Questions1. Have you ever had friends with benefits?2. If you have/haven’t had friends with benefits, have you ever had sex before?ResultsOf the 13 males that were surveyed for this report, 8 admitted that they had previously had friends with benefits. Expressed as a percentage, this means that 61.5 percent of male respondents were positive towards the first question. For the 11 females that were surveyed, 5 females said that they had previously had friends with benefits. Expressed as a percentage, this means that 45.5 percent of female respondents were positive towards the first question. For both genders, the second question received the same number of respondents as the first; all those who did have friends with benefits also admitted to experiencing sex before while all of those who gave a negative response for the firs t question also proclaimed to never having sex before.ConclusionThe results of the survey were largely predictable because all the data fitted with the hypothesis. It was discovered than males engaged in the practice of friends with benefits more often than females and also it was used by over half of the respondents. Our survey shows that the practice is more common than first thought, but there would need to be some comparable data available in order to prove that friends with benefits is becoming more popular. This could either be from a previous study, but most likely a future study would need to be conducted in a certain amount of time in order to gauge the reliability of the results.Graphs

Managing your personal finance Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Managing your personal finance - Case Study Example Belle is risk-adverse thus holds about$60,000 in savings account which can be used to provide allowances to her parents for 60 months if $1,000 is paid every month; and $110,000 in 1 year fixed-deposit that could be used to cover the outstanding balance on loan which is $605,230. The mortgage is charged at 1.5 percent fixed for 25 years. Her mortgage covers critical illness or permanent disability at premium of $3,359 pa. In the event she passes, the $1,500,000 Term plan and $600,000 critical illness benefits cover Kenji and Karen’s educational requirements. This is because, the total educational expenses are about S$25,000 today and when factoring 6 percent inflation rate in next four years, this amount will be equivalent to S$31,561.92 [that is, 25000x(1+0.06)4]. It is also given in the case that Belle has been advised to keep aside ‘Emergency’ expenses (3 times her monthly gross income or about 4,500,000) that will provide immediate money to her children. In ad dition, the limited-pay whole life plan covering Critical Illness upto $50,000 has cash value $48,750 at premium of $19,500 pa that will give her tax benefits. (b) In the event that Belle passes on without making any formal arrangement (as discussed in (a) above) to pass on her estate, how will her estate then be distributed. Explain with relevant references. Belle has recently discovered lumps on her breast which she suspects could be early signs of breast cancer. As she is risk-adverse, Belle decided to buy Term plan worth $1,500,000 including $600,000 Critical Illness benefits that will benefit her offspring in the event she dies of cancer (critical illness). The plan is covered till age of 99 and she is presently 42 years old and only requires $14,604 outlay per year. Belle is 42 years old and is currently employed as Marketing Director of a multinational corporation that requires frequent travels

Defining and Assessing Modern CSR Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Defining and Assessing Modern CSR - Coursework Example Mike Duke, the company’s CEO, states that this demonstrates the new social and environmental facets Wal-Mart has added to its efforts. The company believes that accountability and transparency are part of the good and responsibility element of all companies across the world. Wal-Mart’s yearly report shows its constant and evolving work in social responsibility matters. Since 2011, the reports have been divided into three main reporting areas: social, environmental and goals. The 2011 report covers all aspects of CSR issues (Simpson & Taylor, 2013). It shows how its effective sustainability 360 framework has helped it become the retail leader in the industry. It also conveys the major progress made by the company and the reduction objectives of greenhouse gas emissions of its supply chain by, latest, 2015. The company’s financial contributions in kind, including investments in health, commitments to preventing hunger, education, funding for local farmers and facilitating access to healthier and cheaper food, are also part of the report. The company has faced numerous challenges over the years. It appears that legal and social obstacles have acted as vital reasons for the creation of its code of conduct and yearly reporting. This claim can be illustrated in two relevant situations: Wal-Mart Stores Inc. v. Dukes et al. and the media reports accusing the company of using child labor (Simpson & Taylor, 2013). Despite starting over a decade ago, this case is still being heard by the US Courts. It started as a national class action against the company. The plaintiffs alleged that female workers in Wal-Mart and its affiliate stores suffered discrimination based on their gender (Simpson & Taylor, 2013). They claimed that they were discriminated upon in terms of pay and promotion to senior management roles, hence violating for Civil

Benefit of Technology Transfer to Developing Countries

Benefit of Technology Transfer to Developing Countries WHY IS THE TECHNOLOGY CONTRIBUTION OF MULTINATIONALS POTENTIALLY SO IMPORTANT FOR DEVELOPING COUNTRIES? WHAT FACTORS WILL DETERMINE WHETHER OR NOT THE TRANSFERED TECHNOLOGY ACTUALLY PROVIDES NET BENEFITS FOR THE HOST DEVELOPING COUNTRY? Todays world is divided no longer by ideology but by technology 15% of the earths population, provides nearly all of the worlds technology innovationshalf of the worlds population, is able to adopt these technologies in production and consumption. The remaining part, covering around a third of the worlds population, is technologically disconnected, neither innovating at home nor adopting foreign technologies. Sachs (2000) According to the new Growth theory of the 1990s, Innovation is the prime source of technological advancementwhich in turn drives economic growth. One of the prime motives of host developing countries for widely accepting and encouraging various channels of FDI is to absorb the technological spillover from the foreign country firms. The Hard Technologies (industrial processes, equipment and plant) or Soft Technologies (technical know-how, management ideas, marketing skills etc) (Dunning and Lundan 2008) contributed by Multi-national Enterprises (MNEs) are considered the main source of economic development and growth. When a multinational firm vertically integrates with the developing country firms, host firms they are forced to abide by the MNEs strict guidance and standards to ensure quality goods or services in the form of raw materials or upstream services. The foreign firms would guide and assist, both managerially and technically which would lead to improvement both in quality and quantity of service by the local affiliates. Also domestic rival firms enhance their offerings to keep in pace with the foreign affiliated firms in the market thus enhancing the host country firms productivity. The biggest US based retailer, Wal-Marts entry and rapid expansion in China has helped the logistics industry in Chinese market to climb higher level Zhu (2010). For developing countries to carve their niche in the global economy, they need to be technologically advanced. There is a possibility of importing new technology from foreign developed market, but this will cause a setback as the procedure would be expensive. Also countries will find themselves alienated from the advancement of technologies if they cant develop export markets Sachs (2008). This can be minimised to a considerable extent by MNEs trickle down effect wherein transfer of technological skills from developed countries to developing countries occurs through FDI. The transfer of Panasonics microwave manufacturing base from United States to China has led to the presence of 2800 Chinese enterprises to provide components for it, which has not only contributed new technology, but also advanced operations management techniques to Chinese market (Sinani and Meyer 2004). The risk factor due to uncertainty of new technologys results and heavy investment thwarts the developing countries from introducing any new technology from scratch. The argument in support of MNEs is that technology  is the quintessential component of economic development and demands a lot of investment in research and development (RD). Developing countries, however, lack both in skills and funds essential for RD, which has led to the deficient level of RD in  developing  economies. The host countries innovation can be stimulated because of the presence of MNEs, which would command resources necessary for RD. Hence host firms can save on cost by using the technologies which are already implemented and used by MNEs using Demonstration (by MNEs) and Imitation (by host firms) (Das 1987; Wang Blomstrom 1992, cited in Crespo and Fontoura 2007). However the patent regulation and challenge of absorbing the technological skills in the short term collaborative contracts makes the process very challenging for the firms in the emerging markets. The human resources mobility from MNEs to local firms also act as a channel of technology transfer and extension since the systematic training provided to these high-skilled employees is dissipated to domestic firms in the form of innovative managerial ability thus enhancing the domestic enterprises which would otherwise be impossible (Crespo and Fontoura 2007). Table 1: Summary of Spillover Channels of FDI (Blomstorm and Kokko (1998); Gorg and Greenaway (2001); Gorg and Strobl (2002)) The technology transfer usually occurs in a market which is imperfectly competitive and possesses no particular market structure. Since different developing countries would have different market structure, it becomes very complicated to have a generalized theory and model to find the determinant factors of technological spillover benefits to local firms (Mondal and Pant 2010). The results of empirical study by various researchers act as an alternative to analyse the net benefits of technology spillover for the host developing countries. The firms Total Factor Productivity (Factors like the level of RD, foreign presence, the firm size) can be used as a proxy to gauge technology transfer (Haddad and Harrison 1992, cited in Crespo and Fontoura 2007).According to Seck (2011) A 10% increase in a developing countrys foreign RD capital stock leads to more than a 2% percent increase in its total factor productivity. The economic development level (measured by per capita GDP) impacts strongly on RD activity (Cheung and Lin 2003). The growth in host countrys RD activities reduces the technological gap and increases the absorptive capacity of the host firm thereby benefitting the host developing country. According to Schmid (2010), A one percent increase in the Research and development (RD) expenditure is associated with a five percent increase in the likelihood of a technology transfer. He also states that the technology transfer is positively correlated to the trade flows and RD expenditure of a developing country. RD resulting in new processes and products either amplifies firms revenues or saves firms costs and is considered as the vital proxy for endogenous growth and technological advancement, Zhu (2010). In 2004, 23.7 % of industrial RD within China was performed by affiliates as compared to 21.7% in 2004 (UNCTAD 2005, cited in Dunning and Lundan 2008, p.359) which exemplifies increasing trend and possibly positive effect on host developing countries. Here the main challenge lies in finding the exact proportion of beneficial RD activities. If the relative costs of technology adoption are large to the economic value of the underlying technology (to the host country firms), there will be little adoption relatively and FDI spillover realized will also be relatively limited (Blomstrà ¶m. et.al 1999). Thus cost of technology adoption plays a major role for the technology transfer to be beneficial to the host country firms. The factors contributing to the distribution of technological capacity (which includes Higher educational institutions, Scientists and Engineers, RD laboratories and other physical and human assets) which are aided by foreign affiliates reflects the net beneficial effect on host countries due to export or FDI (Dunning and Lundan 2008). Alongside the direct effects of technological capacity of host countries, the indirect consequences can be measured through knowledge, technology and RD spillovers to host economys local firms which can be measured in terms of the raise in productivity of local firms as a result of the MNEs presence or entry into host economy. However realising the exact proportion of productivity increase solely due to MNEs contribution is a big challenge for many other factors would have aided the process. A study by Xu (2000), cited in Dunning and Lundan (2008), suggests that the spending on royalties and licence fees approximately indicates the impact of productivity enhancement caused due to technology transfer of FDI in the host countries. The absorptive capacity of the developing countries varies and accordingly the positive or negative effects based on it. The study by Feinberg and Majumdar (2001), cited in Dunning and Lundan (2008) reveals that the pharmaceutical affiliates in India experienced no spillover to local firms through locally conducted RD whereas the foreign affiliates had benefited. On the contrary, a study conducted by (Mondal and Pant 2010) shows the presence of foreign affiliates and high absorptive capacity for developing countries to impact positively on technology spillover which is elevated by a highly competitive environment. The policies of host governments towards FDI such as technology policy and Intellectual Property Protection are also plausible determinants which impacts the magnitude of the efficiency spillovers captured by host country firms. For example government policies which would encourage the RD performance like effective IP protection would alleviate the chances of FDI and intensify the technological capability of local firms which in turn would aid to exploit appropriate foreign technology (Blomstrà ¶m et al. 1999). On the other hand patents filed by developed countries would result in limited transfer of technological capabilities due to the protection of technology from imitation for 20 years. China became the largest recipient of FDI among the developing countries during 1990s due to the market for technology policy and enforcement of patent law in line with TRIPs (Trade-Related Intellectual Properties) (Cheung and Lin, 2003). Due to contradicting research data and the dependence of technology transfer benefits on the kind of industry and the level of alliance between foreign and emerging market country firms, it becomes very complicated to generalise the factors contributing to the net benefits of the developing countries. CONCLUSION According to (Dunning and Lundan 2008) The ability to create, acquire, learn, use and effectively deploy technological capacity is one of the key ingredients of economic success in virtually all societies. The exact realisation of net benefit of technology transfer to developing countries is measured using TFP as a proxy and can be enhanced by strengthening their local economy and capabilities to attract FDI inflow with the aid of strict and stringent government regulations.

Technoscience and Artificial Life :: Technology

Technoscience and Artificial Life ABSTRACT: This paper uses the theory of technoscience to shed light on the current criticisms against the emerging science of Artificial Life. We see that the science of Artificial Life is criticized for the synthetic nature of its research and its over reliance on computer simulations which is seen to be contrary to the traditional goals and methods of science. However, if we break down the traditional distinctions between science and technology using the theory of technoscience, then we can begin to see that all science has a synthetic nature and reliance on technology. Artificial Life researchers are not heretical practitioners of some pseudoscience; they are just more open about their reliance on technology to help realize their theories and modeling. Understanding that science and technology are not as disparate as was once thought is an essential step in helping us create a more humane technoscience in the future. Introduction As soon as the new sciences of Complexity, Chaos Theory, and Artificial Life (hereafter referred to as AL), began to be noticed by the popular science press a kind of "honeymoon" period began. During this time these sciences were seen as the sexy new breakthrough theories that would eventually lead to our ability to solve all the problems of the world, from the cure for AIDS to the complete understanding and synthesis of living systems. (1) Recently a number of attacks have been leveled against the studies of Complexity and Chaos Theory in general and on the study of AL directly. The most damning of these attacks on AL has been launched by John Horgan in his article "From Complexity to Perplexity," printed in Scientific American (Horgan 6/95) and in his book The End of Science. In his article Horgan fiercely criticized the study of AL with the implication that the entire study is some kind of sham. Horgan states that: Artificial Life — and the entire field of complexity — seems to be based on a seductive syllogism: There are simple sets of mathematical rules that when followed by a computer give rise to extremely complicated patterns. The world also contains many extremely complicated patterns. Conclusion: Simple rules underlie many extremely complicated phenomena in the world. With the help of powerful computers, scientists can root those rules out (Horgan 6/96, Pg. 107). Horgan goes on to argue that this position held by AL researchers is untenable and that the kind of science practiced in AL is no where near the kind of science that is normally practiced in biology.

Faith Statement

Faith Statement My faith has grown immensely over the years. Throughout my faith journey everyone at the church and in my family has influenced my life in faith. To me when you are baptized it means your parents are making you a child of God but when you get confirmed you are accepting your baptism and becoming a member of the church. Jesus is a big part of mine and everyone’s life because he died on the cross to save our sins.We pretty much all take advantage of Jesus’s love. Everyone makes mistakes, some foolish, but still Jesus will always forgive us and love us. Also, even though I know I will be forgiven, church has taught me that we should all try to do our best at doing what God wants us to do and the right thing. Since I’m a Christian, whenever I am about to do something that I think God wouldn’t want me to I think it over and try to make the best choice.I think that Holy Communion affects my life by making me feel clean and saved. Prayer is very v ital to me. Going to church has taught me that if I pray to God for help in something most of the time he delivers but when he doesn’t it’s not because he isn’t listening but simply because it’s not meant to be. Throughout the years, I have learned to help God and serve around the community. After I get confirmed I will still attend church and do service projects to help others.

Juvenile Boot Camps Do Not Reduce Juvenile Delinquency Essay

Introduction Juvenile delinquency is a relatively new phenomenon. For this reason, society’s reactions and solutions to the problem of delinquency are also modern developments. The United States developed the first youth court in 1899 and is now home to many new and formerly untested methods of juvenile rehabilitation and correction. One of many unique programs within the Juvenile Justice system, boot camps are institutions designed to keep delinquent juveniles out of traditional incarceration facilities and still provide a structured method of punishment and rehabilitation. Boot camps developed in the early 1990s and quickly proliferated throughout the nation. Specifically, they are â€Å"†¦short-term residential programs modeled after†¦show more content†¦. .. Third, States are to separate juvenile offenders from incarcerated adults . . .. Fourth, States are to address efforts to reduce the [disproportionate number of minorities] detained or confined in secure detention facilities . . .. (Ravenell, 2002) The act’s framers were concerned with the framework of the juvenile justice system. Believing that they could restrain juvenile delinquency through prevention rather than punishment, they increased the quality of the juvenile justice system. Policy specified that, â€Å"kids should be treated as kids† (Ravenell, 2002). However, rising crime rates throughout the late 1970s and 1980s lead to disillusionment with the system. The public became concerned that juvenile justice policy was too lenient. Practitioners scrambled to enact harsher penalties in an effort to slow the rising juvenile crime rates. The new policies restricted lenient punishment such as probation and lead to an increase in incarceration rates (Meade Steiner, 2010). Unfortunately, juvenile delinquency continued to increase, spiking in the late 1980s and early 1990s. While news headlines touted the juvenile delinquency epidemic, the public became fascinated with the rise of the â€Å"juvenile super-pre dator.† In 1992, frustrated lawmakers, who were determined to end the rise in juvenile delinquency, amended the JJDPA to include USC  §5667f. This subsection provided funding for state-operatedShow MoreRelatedJuvenile Delinquency And Juvenile Criminal Justice System1475 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction: Juvenile delinquency is an ever growing issue in the United States, according to the Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention, â€Å"In 2012, there were 3,941 arrests for every 100,000 youths ages 10 through 17 in the United States† (OJJDP, 2014). The way juveniles are treated in the criminal justice system is very different than the way adults are. 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